Animals like humans also experience pain. In horses, pain is very debilitating and can sometimes be the primary cause for euthanasia during certain conditions like laminitis. Even though pains in horses remain to be a major problem, pain management can be costly, hard to evaluate, and might need frequent painkiller administration to work. Besides the shortcomings named above, most commonly used pain relief for horses also come with side effects of their own.
Analgesia, however, has some merits. Shorter hospitalization, lower net patient bills and maintenance of weight are some of these merits. Increase in complexity of surgical treatment results in increase in use of analgesics in managing horse pain. There still is a lot of study to be done on the issue of managing pain since it is complex.
Managing pain in horses is handled using an approach referred to as balanced analgesia or multimodal analgesia. In this approach, a wide range of drugs are used to manage the problem. The wide variety of drugs used have different modes of operation. That means that they operate on different types of receptors. Multimodal analgesia makes small doses of each drug so as to minimize or eliminate any possible side effects.
Xylazine is the example of multimodal analgesia combination. Formulation of xylazine can be done to meet certain requirements of the patient or ailing animal. Also, the drug can be formulated based on targeted route of administration. Currently, various means of administering drugs exist. They are SC, IM, PO and IV. Intra-articular, four point, epidural, transmucosal, and transdermal are other administration routes
Approaches such as epidural injections, PO, SC, IM, and IV were applied in administering old analgesics. With the latest analgesics, this has changed. Currently, one can administer them transdermally through patch or topical application. Different approaches can be used to administer numerous drugs. Usually, how practical the method is for the patient determines the approach to be used for administration.
Some drugs applied most commonly in pain management in equines are NSAIDs. For a long duration, these drugs have been the best option for equines. When applied in high doses, adverse side effects are generated. When comparison is made between the older and the newer NSAIDs at a similar dosage level, fewer side effects are generated by the newer ones. Some NSAID can be administered at a particular part of the body where the analgesic is wanted.
Basically, all NSAIDs are similar. Thus, when buying, the most important factors considered are cost and availability. Also, different horses respond differently to NSAIDs just in the same way human beings do to medication. This means that the choice of a particular NSAID may also be determined by the reaction of the horse to it.
NSAIDs have proven to be efficient in pain relieving. Nevertheless, their effectiveness may be insignificant on extremely painful conditions. Regardless of the downside, NSAIDs are a crucial element in multimodal analgesia. Chronic or extreme conditions require very strong multimodal analgesia so as to treat them completely.
Analgesia, however, has some merits. Shorter hospitalization, lower net patient bills and maintenance of weight are some of these merits. Increase in complexity of surgical treatment results in increase in use of analgesics in managing horse pain. There still is a lot of study to be done on the issue of managing pain since it is complex.
Managing pain in horses is handled using an approach referred to as balanced analgesia or multimodal analgesia. In this approach, a wide range of drugs are used to manage the problem. The wide variety of drugs used have different modes of operation. That means that they operate on different types of receptors. Multimodal analgesia makes small doses of each drug so as to minimize or eliminate any possible side effects.
Xylazine is the example of multimodal analgesia combination. Formulation of xylazine can be done to meet certain requirements of the patient or ailing animal. Also, the drug can be formulated based on targeted route of administration. Currently, various means of administering drugs exist. They are SC, IM, PO and IV. Intra-articular, four point, epidural, transmucosal, and transdermal are other administration routes
Approaches such as epidural injections, PO, SC, IM, and IV were applied in administering old analgesics. With the latest analgesics, this has changed. Currently, one can administer them transdermally through patch or topical application. Different approaches can be used to administer numerous drugs. Usually, how practical the method is for the patient determines the approach to be used for administration.
Some drugs applied most commonly in pain management in equines are NSAIDs. For a long duration, these drugs have been the best option for equines. When applied in high doses, adverse side effects are generated. When comparison is made between the older and the newer NSAIDs at a similar dosage level, fewer side effects are generated by the newer ones. Some NSAID can be administered at a particular part of the body where the analgesic is wanted.
Basically, all NSAIDs are similar. Thus, when buying, the most important factors considered are cost and availability. Also, different horses respond differently to NSAIDs just in the same way human beings do to medication. This means that the choice of a particular NSAID may also be determined by the reaction of the horse to it.
NSAIDs have proven to be efficient in pain relieving. Nevertheless, their effectiveness may be insignificant on extremely painful conditions. Regardless of the downside, NSAIDs are a crucial element in multimodal analgesia. Chronic or extreme conditions require very strong multimodal analgesia so as to treat them completely.
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